Before buying stone material must be watching detection, prevention radiation

Then, household personalized adornment become a common trend, natural stone material with its qualitative strong and durable, color texture characteristics such as elegant has favored in random visit several large household in the mall, the author found that all kinds of stone material is widely used in example room decorate indoor floor, mesa. But news reported shortly before a young man for family stone radioactivity pollution cause infertility, let people in the news of choose and buy when can't help produce some stone worries, the home installs stone whether he can use? Suffer the stone material of radioactive pollution for how serious, how to choose to a safe home outfit stone?

Stone radiation strong look at certificate, stone material choose and buy low radiation overall belong to

These appearance elegant stone material harm how? The author interviewed at renmin university of China environment institute of anonymity, professor, in his view, the stone material harm on mainly concentrated in radioactive pollution. According to his nature in any material introduced contain natural radioactive elements, only different substances content of radioactive elements differ. Stone back to nature, containing radioactive substances is affirmative, normal. "Whether natural stone material or artificial stone, there'll be radioactive elements exist, this is inevitable."

Among them, the stone material of training-camp radioactive has mainly refers to the stone contained radium, thorium, potassium three radioactive elements in the decay of radioactive material, produced mainly for radon. "Radon is the only natural radioactive gas nature in effect at human body, radon and will soon absorbed nuclide decay adult fitness, enter the respiratory system cause the radiation damage, induce lung cancer. But this one chance in reality is small, stone material belongs generally to low radiation." Environment, professor with the school of said.

Natural stone material radioactive divided into three types

According to the natural stone radioactivity level, the natural stone products into A, B and C three types. A kind of product can be used on any occasion, including office buildings and domestic bedroom; B products than A kind of radioactive degree, not used for bedroom interior surface, can be used for all other inside and outside of the building facing; C products radioactive level higher than A, B two kinds, the only for building surface decoration. More than C standard components of natural stone material, only for seawall, pier and stones and other purposes. According to the classification standard, LiJunHua warns customer, when the choice to pay attention to choose A kind as home decoration materials.

According to understand, the national quality technology supervision bureau of national building was organization, the national 11 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions of the 108 kind of 61 companies such as granite, marble stone radioactive conducted sampling inspection, the results 79 qualified, nine overweight, percent of pass is 73.1%. Some of them were consumer favourite products, such as cuckoo red, cuckoo green radioactive substances have higher than standard 3-5 times.

The choose and buy stone to see the test report

Since stone have clear level limit applicable range and in real life, why there are still for stone radioactive pollution and cause a harm to human body, the event this, Beijing industry and commerce college chemistry and environmental engineering college professor noted that consumers QianFeng lack the basic stone material management and operation business, choose common sense is not standard are important reasons.

The author in visit several large domestic outfit bazaar, random observed some consumers buying behavior, few of them possess professional stone material choose and buy is listening, basic knowledge of stone, and guide explain the choice also stay in surface texture, color, only a few on issues such as consumers would mention radiation problems.

In addition, the author in visit when he noticed that, most of the stone salesman lack of expertise is difficult to answer such as stone "species" "level" key information, when the author require companies to provide product inspection report or relevant certification, many salespeople both expressed their products without a problem, but refused to or with all sorts of reason avoid show.

Consumers in the choose and buy, must first stone before full some common sense, just listen to the interpretation of the gentlemen only paying attention to appearance or beautiful. And when the choose and buy require companies to provide state regulations, approved authority detects report, for some civil society organization issued certificate to want vigilant and not easily believe. If for these still don't too relieved, conscientious consumers can also take some samples to countries set inspection institutions, such basic can trust to purchase.

In addition, remove carefully choose healthy, safe home outfit, materials, the "keep indoor and ventilated good all the radioactive substances is to eliminate the most simple and effective methods. Just note indoor and ventilated, maintain indoor air fresh, like every morning wake up and before I go to sleep at night every window half an hour to an hour, many pollution problems can be solved easily.

The formation and prevent stone freeze-thaw

A, freeze-thaw reasons

Stone freeze-thaw phenomenon mainly in near the north where the weather colder. When stone wool stoma after absorbing enough water, once temperatures dropped to below 00C began to freeze the water, stone, volume happens to inflation. When ice expansion ability than stone structure force, stone material can produce fracture. This is freeze-thaw phenomenon.

Generally speaking, the matter is abide by the "heat bilges cold shrink" law, and the water is just the opposite. Of the density of water at 4 ℃ maximum, water molecules have liquidity operate independently. Water is composed of 4 ℃ to 0 ℃, the temperature drop a molecule of water, ice is arranged in a three-dimensional pattern, this form of abnormal loose structure form actually left many "hole", density instead decrease. Experiments show that, when the water turns into ice 1M3, the volume will increase after to 1.11 M3. So when the water enter stone pores or aperture freeze, encounter cold after the increase in size, thus swell of stone material, then, or aperture pore water, stone inhale more pores or aperture be further swell, so vicious followed eventually led to the stone, the fracture.

Second, freeze-thaw prevention

Because the main factor is thawing produced water, we just stop water into the stone can prevent the occurrence of thawing. So, we'll just use stone conservation agent will stone well protective processing line.

Of stone material selection and collocation

In decorating a process of stone material choice, and matching and the relationship to decorate, integral effect. Here to introduce some common sense:

1. The effect is tonal, is one of the important factors stone selection. It mainly consists of gezer, design, color and pattern, which is composed of three parts. General gezer is rock matrix or fine-grained, all the color of grain, different colour part of stone material is often decided by adornment effect and applicable occasions. Such as the red tonal give priority to granite display wealth and luxury, elegance; But with black tonal give priority to granite shows grave, solemn and quiet and tastefully laid out; Green tonal marble is full of vitality; All these different tonal stone applies different adornment occasion.

2. Function, natural stone material surface decoration except to consider the decorations, consider tonal the function. In household, sitting room and bedroom adornment appropriate chooses slant warm tonal, to show warmth, comfortable emotional appeal; And for the toilet, kitchen adornment appropriate chooses grain quietly elegant is tonal, clean slants cold to show clean sanitation.

3. Adornment intention and the environmental impact, because use natural finishes stone decoration parts is different, so choose stone type also different. Used for outdoor decoration, need to withstand wind blowing rain and sunshine, granite because does not contain carbonate, bibulous rate is small, fight weathering ability, had better choose various types of granite stone; Used for hall ground adornment of facing stone, ask its physical and chemical properties stability, high mechanical strength, should first selection granite kind stone; Used for dado and household bedroom ground adornment, mechanical strength is a bit poor, appropriate chooses beautiful pattern of the marble.

Of stone material harm. Salt

Salt is the second of stone material damage the second factor, its water on the stone destructive power concentrated expression for: crystal weathering, crystallization pressure, hydrated pressure, absorbing moisture expansion, warming the stress formed. Inflation Because salt effect, make stone becomes SuSong, form the main weathering stone reasons and the existence of a salt is the crystallization of the salt with stone material itself, 2 it is acquired with the air stone composition combined with acidic gas generation of salt.

Construction of the stone cement, lime, soil, food, water, industrial production and the salt, some detergent will through the stone fine celled, fine fissure after capillarity into stone inside. Salt crystals in stone is formed in produce very big pressure after, also is the crystallization pressure, the pressure on the stone crystallized the damaging. Some salt also under certain conditions, into the hydrate crystals, and then to occupy larger volume, generate additional pressure, namely hydrated pressure. Gesso formula are the floods in molecular exists, with the change in temperature, pressure changes of stress change, repeatedly will eventually local stone change present, crushed denitration powder, scales. Salt is often on the stone by the destruction of water, wind in stone material surface with and repeated dissolved -- exhalation -- and then exhalation, resulting in the stone material broken.

Stone to accumulate, weight, thickness calculation method

(a) to accumulate computation.

1 just = 303 x ㎜ 303; 1 ping = 36 just;

1 square meters (㎡) = 10.89 just = 0.3025 apron

Just accumulate calculation: long (meters) x width (meters) x 10.89 = just

For example: long 324 meters, width 5.62 meters, its just accumulate computation and below

324 x 5.62 10.89 = 198.294 just =... 5.508 apron

(2) the weight calculation:

1. Granite, marble: 5 points = 4.5 ㎏; 6 points = 5 ㎏; 3 ㎝ = 7.5 ㎏

2. The Roman hillock stone: 4 points = 280 ㎏; 6 points = 4.4 ㎏

(3) thickness calculation:

1. ㎝) in centimeters (calculation: 1 cm (㎝) = 10 millimeters (㎜) = 0.01 meters (m)

(1) granite common thickness: 15 ㎜, 19 ㎜, 25, 30 ㎜ ㎜ ㎜, 50

(2) marble common thickness: 20 ㎜, 30 or 40 ㎜ ㎜

(3) Roman hillock stone, import hillock stone commonly used thickness: 12 ㎜ ㎜, 19

2. To points calculation: 1 cent = 1/8 inch = 3.2 ㎜ (appellative ㎜) 3

4 points = 4/8 inch = 1.28 ㎜ (appellative ㎜) 12

5 points = 5/8 inch = 16 ㎜ (appellative ㎜) 15

6 points = 6/8 inch = 19.2 ㎜ (appellative ㎜) 19

Reading: stone mechanical grinding and polishing

Mechanical grinding and polishing advantages:

Burnish of good consistency, different sizes of line can disturb sequence installation, has the very good interchangeability;

Grinding lines without waves, surface roughness, straightness is very good;

Used in grinding of axially symmetrical class product arc degree good, the luminosity high; High efficiency;

Reduce grinding and polishing operation of labor intensity;

Improve grinding and polishing working environment;

Suitable for assembly line production;

Mechanical grinding and polishing faults:

The initial investment is higher, needs a certain amount of equipment, the work site, forming grinding;

Lack of flexibility, and only suitable for mass products;

In view of the different line type to make corresponding molding tool, and cutting tools from coarse grinding, fine grinding, polishing, and a series of grinding can be dispensed with;

Fine polishing the slender lines easy broken;

Grinding and polishing wheel with forming by professional manufacturer produces, and molding rounds of higher accuracy;

Grinding and polishing out line photometric is not very high, line surface will give a trace of grinding &polishing trace affect the appearance, it is the mechanical grinding and polishing, but also the biggest drawback lines unsolved problem;

Not suitable for grinding easy chipped stone.

Fine polishing the steps, and process:

Check product modeling shape is in compliance with the shape of production craft processing sheet, qualified rear accessibility grinding and polishing process;

Fine polishing the former visual materials for rubber processing, filling plastic handle then grinding and polishing;

First the coarse grinding piece draw lines play, coarse grinding of fine leave 0.5 MM when grinding, joint allowance;

Joining together: will grinding and polishing line according to the installation drawing together again, and according to line the surface color choose allocate, to ensure that the color, pattern good effects. After the joint line according to the installation drawing 500 # requirements of unified Numbers, again apart before, and in so doing won't cause polishing the line of grinding and polishing by convex shape in the outlet;

Expection inspectin of dislocation, transition section should be polished the longer distance stretched, the better, and in polishing by feet used when check straightness;

Finish grinding and polishing line after the quality inspection checks before shipment;

Alien handicraft grinding and polishing improve luminosity, reducing waves tips:

Choose good grinding and polishing materials;

Grinding and polishing, every 1 abrasive or abrasive disc grinding and polishing after shall carefully check see of smooth face grinding and

polishing after grinding, after all, a polished covers an abrasive should be generated when before the mark;

Grinding and polishing should pay attention to the lack of water control, water easy create see smooth burn face;

Grinding and polishing along the line when meal line direction try to spin, the longer the better, this can avoid corrugated production;

Polishing faster;

Using high speed grinding and polishing electric tool;

Processing of large Numbers of line grinding and polishing the commissions.the molding knife, such doing can reduce the workload, play the coarse grinding and ensure the coarse grinding lines play after the consistency of good quality, shape.